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Mostrando 12 de 116 récords

Verificado por JWRRécord fundacional

Patrimonio judío · SinagogasMás antiguo

Oldest Synagogue in Portugal

Titular del récord

Synagogue of Tomar

Valor del récord

Built: 1430–1460

The Synagogue of Tomar, in central Portugal, is recognized as the oldest surviving purpose-built synagogue building in the country. According to the Municipality of Tomar and Portuguese heritage authorities, its construction dates to a period between 1430 and 1460; no single exact construction year has been reliably established. The building served the town’s medieval Jewish community during the fifteenth century, when Tomar was associated with the Order of Christ and Prince Henry the Navigator. Its compact prayer hall has four central columns supporting vaulted ceilings, traditionally linked to the four biblical matriarchs, while twelve wall supports evoke the twelve tribes of Israel. Jewish worship ended after the Portuguese expulsion and forced-conversion measures of 1496–1497. The building subsequently had several nonreligious uses. Recognized again as a historic synagogue in the twentieth century, it was protected as a national monument and became home to the Abraão Zacuto Jewish Museum. The documented construction interval, rather than an invented exact date, is the historically defensible record value.

País del titular: Portugal
Lugar del logro: Tomar, Portugal
Fecha del logro: 1460

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Marlee Matlin photographed in Arizona in 1989, two years after winning the Academy Award for Best Actress

Verificado por JWRRécord fundacional

Premios · Premios Óscaryoungest

Youngest Academy Award Winner for Best Actress

Titular del récord

Marlee Matlin

Valor del récord

21 years and 218 days

Marlee Matlin holds the record as the Youngest Oscar Winner for Best Actress, an achievement she secured on 30 March 1987 in Los Angeles, California. At the 59th Academy Awards, Matlin was officially 21 years and 218 days old when she won the competitive Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in Children of a Lesser God. Her win was notable not only for her age but also because she became the first deaf woman to win an acting Oscar.

País representado: Estados Unidos
Lugar del logro: Los Angeles, California, Estados Unidos
Fecha del logro: 30 de marzo de 1987

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Portrait of U.S. Cabinet member Oscar S. Straus.

Verificado por JWR

Comunidad y sociedadPrimero

First Jewish Member of the United States Cabinet

Titular del récord

Oscar S. Straus

Valor del récord

17 December 1906

On 17 December 1906, Oscar S. Straus entered office as United States Secretary of Commerce and Labor in President Theodore Roosevelt’s Cabinet. The Library of Congress identifies the appointment as the first time a Jew held a Cabinet position in the United States, while official Commerce records place his service from 17 December 1906 through 5 March 1909. The record is defined by the date Straus actually began Cabinet service, not by the earlier announcement of his nomination. His appointment joined a career in law, diplomacy, public administration and international arbitration. It also marked a visible national milestone for Jewish participation in the highest level of the federal executive branch. JWR found no earlier Jewish head of a Cabinet-rank executive department. Archival footage of Straus is retained only as holder context because no direct moving image of the 1906 appointment or oath was located.

País representado: Estados Unidos
Lugar del logro: Washington, D.C., Washington, D.C., Estados Unidos
Fecha del logro: 17 de diciembre de 1906

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Portrait of Jewish American actor Paul Muni.

Verificado por JWR

Premios · Premios ÓscarPrimero

First Jewish Winner of the Academy Award for Best Actor

Titular del récord

Paul Muni

Valor del récord

4 March 1937

Paul Muni became the "First Jewish Winner of the Academy Award for Best Actor" on 4 March 1937. The achievement was marked at the 9th Academy Awards in Los Angeles, California, where he won the award for Actor in a Leading Role for his performance in the film The Story of Louis Pasteur.

País representado: Estados Unidos
Lugar del logro: Los Angeles, California, Estados Unidos
Fecha del logro: 4 de marzo de 1937

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Verificado por JWRRécord fundacional

Patrimonio judío · SinagogasMás antiguo

Oldest Active Synagogue in France

Titular del récord

Synagogue of Carpentras

Valor del récord

1367

The Synagogue of Carpentras was founded in 1367 and is recognized as the oldest active synagogue in France. The Jewish community of Carpentras developed under papal protection in the Comtat Venaissin, where Jews maintained a continuous communal presence despite periods of restriction and segregation. Although the synagogue’s present appearance reflects extensive eighteenth-century rebuilding and enlargement, its religious history is rooted in the medieval foundation of 1367. The building contains prayer spaces, ritual facilities and architectural elements that reflect centuries of Jewish life in Provence. It is protected as a historic monument and remains a place connected to Jewish worship and heritage. For JWR, the qualifying metric is the earliest securely documented foundation year of a synagogue in France that is still active; this is why the title must retain the word “Active.”

País del titular: Francia
Lugar del logro: Carpentras, Francia
Fecha del logro: 1367

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Portrait of poet Marya Zaturenska in 1921.

Verificado por JWR

Premios · Premio PulitzerPrimero

First Jewish Recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry

Titular del récord

Marya Zaturenska

Valor del récord

2 May 1938

Marya Zaturenska holds the record as the first Jewish recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry, an achievement she secured in 1938 for her collection, 'Cold Morning Sky'. The prize was awarded in New York, New York, and official lists from The Pulitzer Prizes confirm her as the winner in the Poetry category for that year. Her position as the earliest qualifying Jewish recipient is based on a chronological review of all Pulitzer Poetry winners combined with biographical verification.

País representado: Estados Unidos
Lugar del logro: Nueva York, Nueva York, Estados Unidos
Fecha del logro: 2 de mayo de 1938

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Historical portrait of Hedwig Rosenbaum, photographed circa 1914–1918.

Verificado por JWR

Deportes · Juegos OlímpicosPrimero

Primera mujer judía en ganar una medalla olímpica

Titular del récord

Hedwig Rosenbaum

Valor del récord

Bronze — July 1900

Hedwig Rosenbaum participó en el torneo de tenis de los Juegos Olímpicos de París 1900. Los registros olímpicos actualmente reconocidos le atribuyen dos medallas de bronce, en individual femenino y dobles mixtos. Investigaciones históricas, incluido material publicado por el Comité Olímpico Checo, indican que procedía de una familia judía de habla alemana de Bohemia. Estos resultados se produjeron décadas antes de la medalla de plata que Fanny «Bobbie» Rosenfeld obtuvo en Ámsterdam 1928. Jewish World Records había reconocido anteriormente a Rosenfeld como titular de este récord. El cambio no corresponde a una nueva hazaña deportiva, sino a una corrección histórica sustentada en pruebas más antiguas. El reconocimiento anterior de Rosenfeld permanece documentado en un historial independiente de revisiones, con explicaciones y fuentes accesibles para garantizar la transparencia. No se ha podido establecer con suficiente certeza el día exacto en que Rosenbaum consiguió la primera de sus dos medallas; por ello, la fecha del récord se expresa únicamente como el año 1900.

País representado: Bohemia
Lugar del logro: París, Francia
Fecha del logro: July 1900

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Olympic weightlifter Isaac Berger during the Tokyo 1964 Olympic Games.

Verificado por JWRRécord fundacional

DeportesMayor cantidad

Mayor número de medallas olímpicas ganadas por un levantador de pesas judío

Titular del récord

Isaac Berger

Valor del récord

3 Olympic medals (one gold, two silver)

Isaac Berger ostenta el récord de mayor número de medallas olímpicas ganadas por un levantador de pesas judío, con un total de tres medallas olímpicas (una de oro y dos de plata). Representando a Estados Unidos, compitió en tres Juegos Olímpicos, ganando la medalla de oro en peso pluma en Melbourne 1956, seguida de medallas de plata en Roma 1960 y Tokio 1964. El récord se estableció el 12 de octubre de 1964, fecha de la competición de peso pluma en Tokio, donde consiguió su tercera medalla. La Federación Internacional de Halterofilia confirma su récord de tres medallas en tres Juegos Olímpicos distintos.

País representado: Estados Unidos
Lugar del logro: Estados Unidos
Fecha del logro: 12 de octubre de 1964

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Congregation Beth Israel in Portland, Oregon

Verificado por JWRRécord fundacional

Patrimonio judío · Comunidades judíasMás antiguo

Oldest Jewish Congregation Still Active in Oregon

Titular del récord

Congregation Beth Israel

Valor del récord

Founded in 1858

Congregation Beth Israel holds the record as the 'Oldest Jewish Congregation Still Active in Oregon', having been 'Founded in 1858'. The achievement is based on the congregation’s beginnings at a meeting of eight people in Portland, Oregon, in May 1858, with twenty-one original members joining the following month. The record specifically measures the continuity of the institution since its founding, not the age of its present 1928 building. The metric is defined as the earliest founding date among currently active Jewish religious congregations within the state, based on a review of institutional chronology and continuity.

País: Estados Unidos
Lugar del logro: Portland, Oregon, Estados Unidos
Fecha del logro: May 1858

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Verificado por JWR

DeportesPrimero

First Jewish Person to Summit Mount Everest

Titular del récord

Geoffrey Craig "Geoff" Tabin

Valor del récord

2 October 1988

On 2 October 1988, American physician and mountaineer Geoffrey Craig “Geoff” Tabin reached the summit of Mount Everest via the South Col route. The American Alpine Journal records Tabin in the October 2 summit party, providing confirmation from professional mountaineering literature of both the successful ascent and its date. Independent Jewish press later described him as the first Jew to reach Everest’s summit and as the 209th person to do so. Tabin had previously attempted Everest in 1983. He later became the fourth person to complete the Seven Summits and built an internationally recognized medical career devoted to eliminating avoidable blindness.

País representado: Estados Unidos
Lugar del logro: Monte Everest, Nepal
Fecha del logro: 2 de octubre de 1988

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Verificado por JWR

Premios · Premios TonyPrimero

First Jewish Winner of the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play

Titular del récord

Paul Muni

Valor del récord

1 April 1956

Paul Muni became the first Jewish winner of the Tony Award for Actor in a Play when he won for his performance as Henry Drummond in Inherit the Wind at the 10th Tony Awards on 1 April 1956. The official Tony Awards archive lists Muni as the 1956 Actor (Play) winner and provides the chronological basis for reviewing earlier winners in the category. JWR’s counter-candidate review of the preceding winners found no earlier recipient verified as Jewish under the project’s eligibility standard. Muni’s Jewish identity is independently documented by the Jewish Telegraphic Agency, which described him as a famous Jewish American actor and recorded his roots in a Yiddish-theatre family. The record therefore combines official award evidence, chronology and independent Jewish-eligibility evidence.

País representado: Estados Unidos
Lugar del logro: Nueva York, Nueva York, Estados Unidos
Fecha del logro: 1 de abril de 1956

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Verificado por JWRRécord fundacional

PremiosPrimero

First Jewish Recipient of the Wolf Prize in Chemistry

Titular del récord

Carl Djerassi

Valor del récord

11 April 1978

Carl Djerassi received the inaugural Wolf Prize in Chemistry at the Knesset in Jerusalem on 11 April 1978. The Wolf Foundation recognized his work in bioorganic chemistry, the application of new spectroscopic techniques, and his support of international scientific cooperation. Djerassi had already transformed steroid chemistry and was widely known for work leading to the first oral contraceptive. Because the Wolf Prize in Chemistry began in 1978 and Djerassi was its sole chemistry laureate that year, he is the first recipient in the category and, with his Jewish identity independently documented, the first Jewish recipient. JWR uses the exact presentation date as the Record Value and keeps the broader award-year context in the evidence and story.

País representado: Estados Unidos
Lugar del logro: Estados Unidos
Fecha del logro: 11 de abril de 1978

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