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Vérifié par JWRRecord fondateur

Patrimoine juif · SynagoguesLe plus ancien

Oldest Synagogue in Portugal

Détenteur du record

Synagogue of Tomar

Valeur du record

Built: 1430–1460

The Synagogue of Tomar, in central Portugal, is recognized as the oldest surviving purpose-built synagogue building in the country. According to the Municipality of Tomar and Portuguese heritage authorities, its construction dates to a period between 1430 and 1460; no single exact construction year has been reliably established. The building served the town’s medieval Jewish community during the fifteenth century, when Tomar was associated with the Order of Christ and Prince Henry the Navigator. Its compact prayer hall has four central columns supporting vaulted ceilings, traditionally linked to the four biblical matriarchs, while twelve wall supports evoke the twelve tribes of Israel. Jewish worship ended after the Portuguese expulsion and forced-conversion measures of 1496–1497. The building subsequently had several nonreligious uses. Recognized again as a historic synagogue in the twentieth century, it was protected as a national monument and became home to the Abraão Zacuto Jewish Museum. The documented construction interval, rather than an invented exact date, is the historically defensible record value.

Pays du détenteur: Portugal
Lieu de l’accomplissement: Tomar, Portugal
Date de l’accomplissement: 1460

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Marlee Matlin photographed in Arizona in 1989, two years after winning the Academy Award for Best Actress

Vérifié par JWRRecord fondateur

Distinctions · Oscarsyoungest

Youngest Academy Award Winner for Best Actress

Détenteur du record

Marlee Matlin

Valeur du record

21 years and 218 days

Marlee Matlin holds the record as the Youngest Oscar Winner for Best Actress, an achievement she secured on 30 March 1987 in Los Angeles, California. At the 59th Academy Awards, Matlin was officially 21 years and 218 days old when she won the competitive Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in Children of a Lesser God. Her win was notable not only for her age but also because she became the first deaf woman to win an acting Oscar.

Pays représenté: États-Unis
Lieu de l’accomplissement: Los Angeles, California, États-Unis
Date de l’accomplissement: 30 mars 1987

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Portrait of U.S. Cabinet member Oscar S. Straus.

Vérifié par JWR

Communauté et sociétéPremier

First Jewish Member of the United States Cabinet

Détenteur du record

Oscar S. Straus

Valeur du record

17 December 1906

On 17 December 1906, Oscar S. Straus entered office as United States Secretary of Commerce and Labor in President Theodore Roosevelt’s Cabinet. The Library of Congress identifies the appointment as the first time a Jew held a Cabinet position in the United States, while official Commerce records place his service from 17 December 1906 through 5 March 1909. The record is defined by the date Straus actually began Cabinet service, not by the earlier announcement of his nomination. His appointment joined a career in law, diplomacy, public administration and international arbitration. It also marked a visible national milestone for Jewish participation in the highest level of the federal executive branch. JWR found no earlier Jewish head of a Cabinet-rank executive department. Archival footage of Straus is retained only as holder context because no direct moving image of the 1906 appointment or oath was located.

Pays représenté: États-Unis
Lieu de l’accomplissement: Washington, D.C., Washington, D.C., États-Unis
Date de l’accomplissement: 17 décembre 1906

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Portrait of Jewish American actor Paul Muni.

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Distinctions · OscarsPremier

First Jewish Winner of the Academy Award for Best Actor

Détenteur du record

Paul Muni

Valeur du record

4 March 1937

Paul Muni became the "First Jewish Winner of the Academy Award for Best Actor" on 4 March 1937. The achievement was marked at the 9th Academy Awards in Los Angeles, California, where he won the award for Actor in a Leading Role for his performance in the film The Story of Louis Pasteur.

Pays représenté: États-Unis
Lieu de l’accomplissement: Los Angeles, California, États-Unis
Date de l’accomplissement: 4 mars 1937

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Vérifié par JWRRecord fondateur

Patrimoine juif · SynagoguesLe plus ancien

Oldest Active Synagogue in France

Détenteur du record

Synagogue of Carpentras

Valeur du record

1367

The Synagogue of Carpentras was founded in 1367 and is recognized as the oldest active synagogue in France. The Jewish community of Carpentras developed under papal protection in the Comtat Venaissin, where Jews maintained a continuous communal presence despite periods of restriction and segregation. Although the synagogue’s present appearance reflects extensive eighteenth-century rebuilding and enlargement, its religious history is rooted in the medieval foundation of 1367. The building contains prayer spaces, ritual facilities and architectural elements that reflect centuries of Jewish life in Provence. It is protected as a historic monument and remains a place connected to Jewish worship and heritage. For JWR, the qualifying metric is the earliest securely documented foundation year of a synagogue in France that is still active; this is why the title must retain the word “Active.”

Pays du détenteur: France
Lieu de l’accomplissement: Carpentras, France
Date de l’accomplissement: 1367

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Portrait of poet Marya Zaturenska in 1921.

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Distinctions · Prix PulitzerPremier

First Jewish Recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry

Détenteur du record

Marya Zaturenska

Valeur du record

2 May 1938

Marya Zaturenska holds the record as the first Jewish recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry, an achievement she secured in 1938 for her collection, 'Cold Morning Sky'. The prize was awarded in New York, New York, and official lists from The Pulitzer Prizes confirm her as the winner in the Poetry category for that year. Her position as the earliest qualifying Jewish recipient is based on a chronological review of all Pulitzer Poetry winners combined with biographical verification.

Pays représenté: États-Unis
Lieu de l’accomplissement: New York, New York, États-Unis
Date de l’accomplissement: 2 mai 1938

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